A one-dimensional simulation model is established in aircraft evaporative cooling cycle system with the impact of refrigerant charge being exerted on the performance in evaporative cooling cycle system. The paper calculates and analyzes the effects of refrigerant charge on compressor speed, compressor discharge characteristics, compressor power consumption, COP (coefficient of performance), and sub-cooling degree at different temperatures within the flight envelope. The results show that whether to over charge or undercharge exerts all an unfavorable influence on the performance of system. At different ambient temperatures, there are differences in the optimal charge amounts corresponding to the minimum com pressor power consumption and the maximum system COP in increasing with the rise at ambient temperature. In addition, the sub-cooling degree is regarded as a key indicator for evaluating the optimal refrigerant charge amount, whose stable section is only related to the charge amount within the range. The com pressor power consumption and the system COP under different working conditions are good in performance. The research results provide a basis for determining the optimal refrigerant charge flow in the aircraft evaporative refrigeration cycle system.