To address the problem that aircraft composite materials containing holes are prone to damage failure under tensile loading, in order to study the effect of penetrating circular holes on the safety of composite materials, tensile tests were designed for specimens without and with holes according to the actual carbon fiber composites used in a certain type of aircraft. The macroscopic tensile performance parameters were obtained, and the effects of penetrating round holes on the tensile performance were compared and analyzed. Based on the nonprobabilistic reliability analysis method, the reliability of tensile strength before and after the increase of training intensity was calculated and analyzed respectively by using the minimum infinite parametric index. And the safety analysis method of composite materials was summarized.The results show that the penetrating circular hole causes a significant decrease in the tensile strength of this composite, while it has little effect on the tensile stiffness. The rate of decrease in tensile strength is proportional to the hole diameter. The penetrating round holes causes a significant decrease in the tensile strength reliability of the composite, and the degree of decrease increases with the increase of the hole diameter. The reliability decreases further when the training strength is increased. The tensile strength reliability of the composites with all three pore diameters decreases to below 1, which seriously affects the safety of the composites.