The aerodynamic design of new generation aircraft and engine has an important need for active flow control technology. The advantages of plasma flow control are fast in response, wide in frequency band, and simple in structure. Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma aerodynamic actuator is the most popular form of actuators. However, in the international work, its life characteristics is almost in a state of neglect, thus seriously restricting the development and application of plasma flow control technology. In the light of solving the scientific problem, the experimental study of PI / nanocomposite PI-based plasma aerodynamic actuator is carried out. The results show that the nanocomposite has the advantage of improving the thermal conductivity of the actuator, and the maximum temperature is 10%-20% lower than that of the traditional actuator; the self-healing phenomenon of the nanocomposite PI-based actuators is found; nanocomposite actuators inhibit structural damage, thereby preventing rapid increase in discharge power and surface temperature; after the aging of the PI surface, a large number of holes, trenches and ablation traces are formed on the surface of the PI, and a large number of white spherical nanoparticle clusters appeare on the surface of the nanocomposite PI after aging, reducing the damage of the insulating material.