According to the characteristics of the airport loading and traffic volume, the design control criteria based on the analysis of the cause of asphalt pavement damage is put forward, then, a large amount of calculation and analysis under the typical structure and loading is done. It is pointed out that the quality requirements for the asphalt pavement mainly refers to bearing strength instead of deflection. For the structure design, the cleavage stress of the semi-rigid base and that of the sub-base course are taken as the main design criteria. And it demands verifying the cleavage stress of the surface course under the low temperature. To some heavy horizontal loading areas, it also demands verifying the shear stress of the surface course.